@article {245, title = {Angiographic and histological characterization of PFA-induced coronary spasm: Differential effect of two waveforms}, journal = {Heart Rhythm}, volume = {(In Press, Journal Pre-proof)}, year = {2026}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrthm.2026.03.1904}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2026.03.1904}, author = {Gerard Amor{\'o}s-Figueras and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Sergi Casabella-Ramon and Marc Soriano-Amores and {\'A}lvaro Borachok and del Pino, Pablo and Zoraida Moreno-Weidmann and Antoni Ivorra and Jose M. Guerra} } @article {238, title = {Atrial fibrillation and flutter conversion with pulsed electric field delivery: preclinical proof of concept}, journal = {Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology}, year = {2025}, doi = {10.1007/s10840-025-02115-7}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-025-02115-7}, author = {Tan, Nicholas Y. and Del-Carpio-Munoz, Freddy and Tri, Jason A. and Taro Koya and Naoto Otsuka and DeSimone, Christopher V. and Suraj Yalamuri and Elad Maor and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Antoni Ivorra and Damijan Miklav{\v c}i{\v c} and Samuel Asirvatham} } @article {240, title = {The Biomedical Engineer{\textquoteright}s Pledge: Overview and Context}, journal = {Medical \& Biological Engineering \& Computing}, volume = {(Published online)}, year = {2025}, doi = {10.1007/s11517-025-03443-6}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-025-03443-6}, author = {Antoni Ivorra and Txetxu Aus{\'\i}n and Laura Becerra-Fajardo and del Ama, Antonio J. and Jesus Minguillon and Aracelys Garc{\'\i}a-Moreno and Jordi Aguil{\'o} and Filipe O. Barroso and Bijnens, Bart and Oscar Camara and Sara Capdevila and Castellanos-Fernandez, Roger and Rafael Davalos and Jean-Louis Divoux and Ahmed Eladly and Dario Farina and Garc{\'\i}a-Hombravella, Carla and Gonz{\'a}lez-L{\'o}pez, Raquel and C{\'e}sar Gonz{\'a}lez and Jordi Gr{\'\i}fols and Felipe Maglietti and Shahid Malik and Elad Maor and Guillermo Marshall and Mateu-Yus, Berta and Lluis M. Mir and Moreno, Juan C. and Xavier Navarro and N{\'u}ria Noguera and Andr{\'e}s Ozaita and Gemma Piella and Pons, Jos{\'e} Luis and Rita Quesada and Pilar Rivera-Gil and Boris Rubinsky and Ruiz-Garcia, Aurelio and Ruiz-Vargas, Albert and S{\'a}nchez-S{\'a}nchez, Maria and Andreas Schneider and Ting Shu and Villa-Sanz, Rosa and Bing Zhang and Gema Revuelta} } @article {234, title = {Computational Multiscale Modeling of Pulsed Field Ablation Considering Conductivity and Damage Anisotropy Reveals Deep Lesion Morphologies}, journal = {International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering}, volume = {1}, year = {2025}, pages = { e70077}, chapter = { e70077}, doi = {10.1002/cnm.70077}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.70077}, author = {Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {241, title = {Invasive and Non-Invasive Remote Patient Monitoring Devices for Heart Failure: A Comparative Review of Technical Maturity and Clinical Readiness}, journal = {Sensors}, volume = {25}, year = {2025}, chapter = {6453}, doi = {10.3390/s25206453}, url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/20/6453}, author = {Ivan Luque and Mar Gadea and Anna Comas and Laura Becerra-Fajardo and Javier Col{\'a}s and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {237, title = {Joule heating in pores during electroporation is insufficient to disrupt the cell membrane}, journal = {Bioelectricity}, volume = {(accepted)}, year = {2025}, author = {Ting Shu and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {243, title = {Local modifications in tissular conditions before PFA increases acute lesion size}, journal = {Heart Rhythm O2}, volume = {(In press)}, year = {2025}, doi = {10.1016/j.hroo.2025.11.021 }, url = {https://www.heartrhythmopen.com/article/S2666-5018(25)00567-7/fulltext}, author = {Gerard Amor{\'o}s-Figueras and Sergi Casabella-Ramon and Zoraida Moreno-Weidmann and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Antoni Ivorra and Tomas Garcia-Sanchez and Jose M. Guerra} } @article {231, title = {Changes in local endocardial electrograms immediately after PFA show dose-dependent variations}, journal = {EP Europace}, volume = {26}, year = {2024}, pages = {euae102.755}, chapter = {euae102.755}, doi = {10.1093/europace/euae102.755}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/europace/article/26/Supplement_1/euae102.755/7681509}, author = {Gerard Amor{\'o}s-Figueras and Zoraida Moreno-Weidmann and Sergi Casabella-Ramon and Antoni Ivorra and Jose M. Guerra and Tomas Garcia-Sanchez} } @article {228, title = {Effects of Contact Force on Lesion Size During Pulsed Field Catheter Ablation: Histochemical Characterization of Ventricular Lesion Boundaries}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, volume = {17}, year = {2024}, pages = {e012026}, chapter = {e012026}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.123.012026}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.123.012026}, author = {Hiroshi Nakagawa and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Robert Neal and Steven Girouard and Jacob Laughner and Atsushi Ikeda and Masafumi Sugawara and Yoshimori An and Hussein, Ayman A. and Shady Nakhla and Tyler Taigen and Jakub Srounbek and Mohamed Kanj and Pasquale Santangeli and Walid I. Saliba and Antoni Ivorra and Oussama M. Wazni} } @article {227, title = {First-in-human demonstration of floating EMG sensors and stimulators wirelessly powered and operated by volume conduction}, journal = {Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation}, volume = {21}, year = {2024}, pages = {4}, chapter = {4}, doi = {10.1186/s12984-023-01295-5}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-023-01295-5}, author = {Laura Becerra-Fajardo and Jesus Minguillon and Krob, Marc O. and Camila Rogrigues and Miguel Gonz{\'a}lez-S{\'a}nchez and {\'A}lvaro Meg{\'\i}a-Garc{\'\i}a and Redondo Gal{\'a}n, Carolina and Guiti{\'e}rrez Henares, Francisco and Albert Comerma and del Ama, Antonio J. and {\'A}ngel Gil-Agudo and Francisco Grandas and Andreas Schneider and Filipe O. Barroso and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {226, title = {Dynamics of High-Density Unipolar Epicardial Electrograms During PFA}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, year = {2023}, pages = {e011914}, chapter = {e011914}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.123.011914}, url = {https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCEP.123.011914}, author = {Gerard Amor{\'o}s-Figueras and Sergi Casabella-Ramon and Zoraida Moreno-Weidmann and Antoni Ivorra and Jose M. Guerra and Tomas Garcia-Sanchez} } @conference {232, title = {Networks of Injectable Microdevices Powered and Digitally Linked by Volume Conduction for Neuroprosthetics: a Proof-of-Concept}, booktitle = {2023 11th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)}, year = {2023}, doi = {10.1109/NER52421.2023.10123743}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10123743}, author = {Laura Becerra-Fajardo and Jesus Minguillon and Albert Comerma and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {214, title = {Floating EMG Sensors and Stimulators Wirelessly Powered and Operated by Volume Conduction for Networked Neuroprosthetics}, journal = {Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation}, volume = {19}, year = {2022}, pages = {57}, chapter = {57}, doi = {10.1186/s12984-022-01033-3}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-022-01033-3}, author = {Laura Becerra-Fajardo and Krob, Marc O. and Jesus Minguillon and Camila Rogrigues and Christine Welsch and Marc Tudela-Pi and Albert Comerma and Filipe O. Barroso and Andreas Schneider and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {223, title = {Implantable Sensor for Measuring and Monitoring Intravascular Pressure, System Comprising Said Sensor and Method for Operating Thereof}, year = {2022}, edition = {A61B5/0215; A61B5/07; A61F2/90}, chapter = {WO 2022/184801 A1}, author = {Antoni Ivorra and Laura Becerra-Fajardo and Albert Comerma and Jesus Minguillon} } @article {218, title = {Parametric study of Pulsed Field Ablation with biphasic waveforms in an in vivo heart model: the role of frequency}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, volume = {15}, year = {2022}, pages = {693-705}, chapter = {693}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.122.010992}, url = {https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1161/CIRCEP.122.010992}, author = {Tomas Garcia-Sanchez and Gerard Amor{\'o}s-Figueras and Esther Jorge and Mar{\'\i}a C. Campos and Elad Maor and Jose M. Guerra and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {216, title = {Wireless networks of injectable microelectronic stimulators based on rectification of volume conducted high frequency currents}, journal = {Journal of Neural Engineering}, volume = {19}, year = {2022}, pages = {056015}, chapter = {056015}, doi = {10.1088/1741-2552/ac8dc4}, url = {https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1741-2552/ac8dc4}, author = {Aracelys Garc{\'\i}a-Moreno and Albert Comerma and Marc Tudela-Pi and Jesus Minguillon and Laura Becerra-Fajardo and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {221, title = {Implantable Electronic Sensing System for Measuring and Monitoring Medical Parameters}, year = {2021}, edition = {A61B5/00; A61B5/145; A61B5/1455; A61B5/1486}, chapter = {WO 2021/043481 A1}, author = {Antoni Ivorra and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Laura Becerra-Fajardo} } @article {187, title = {Dynamics of Cell Death After Conventional IRE and H-FIRE Treatments}, journal = {Annals of Biomedical Engineering}, volume = {48}, year = {2020}, pages = {1451{\textendash}1462}, chapter = {pages1451}, doi = {10.1007/s10439-020-02462-8}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-020-02462-8}, author = {Borja Mercadal and Natalie Beitel-White and Kenneth N. Aycock and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Rafael Davalos and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {198, title = {EView: An electric field visualization web platform for electroporation-based therapies}, journal = {Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine}, volume = {197}, year = {2020}, pages = {105682}, chapter = {105682}, doi = {10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105682}, author = {Enric Perera-Bel and Carlos Yag{\"u}e and Borja Mercadal and Mario Ceresa and Natalie Beitel-White and Rafael Davalos and Miguel A. Gonz{\'a}lez-Ballester and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {193, title = {Injectable Sensors Based on Passive Rectification of Volume-Conducted Currents}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems}, volume = {14}, year = {2020}, pages = {867-878}, chapter = {867}, doi = {10.1109/TBCAS.2020.3002326}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9117042}, author = {Shahid Malik and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Laura Becerra-Fajardo and Marc Tudela-Pi and Aracelys Garc{\'\i}a-Moreno and Maryam Shojaei Baghini and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {191, title = {Possible molecular and cellular mechanisms at the basis of atmospheric electromagnetic field bioeffects}, journal = {International Journal of Biometeorology}, volume = {(In Press, available online)}, year = {2020}, doi = {10.1007/s00484-020-01885-1}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-020-01885-1}, author = {Michal Cifra and Francesca Apollonio and Micaela Liberti and Tomas Garcia-Sanchez and Lluis M. Mir} } @article {169, title = {Avoiding neuromuscular stimulation in liver irreversible electroporation using radiofrequency electric fields}, journal = {Physics in Medicine and Biology}, volume = {63}, year = {2018}, pages = {035027}, chapter = {035027}, doi = {10.1088/1361-6560/aaa16f}, author = {Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Borja Mercadal and Xavier Moll and Fontdevila, Dolors and Andaluz, Anna and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {161, title = {Modeling Liver Electrical Conductivity during Hypertonic Injection}, journal = {International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering}, volume = {34}, year = {2018}, pages = {e2904}, chapter = {e2904}, doi = {10.1002/cnm.2904}, author = {Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Patricia S{\'a}nchez-Vel{\'a}zquez and Xavier Moll and Berjano, Enrique and Andaluz, Anna and Burd{\'\i}o, Fernando and Bijnens, Bart and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {220, title = {Electronic System Having Variable Modular Power for Generating Electrical Pulses and Associated Uses}, year = {2017}, edition = {A61N1/32}, chapter = {WO 2017/109261 A1 }, author = {H{\'e}ctor Sarnago and {\'O}scar Luc{\'\i}a and Jos{\'e} M. Burd{\'\i}o and Alejandro Naval and Antoni Ivorra and Q. Castellv{\'\i}} } @article {166, title = {Focused Transhepatic Electroporation Mediated by Hypersaline Infusion throuth the Portal Vein in Rat Model. Preliminary Results on Differential Conductivity}, journal = {Radiology and Oncology}, volume = {51}, year = {2017}, pages = {415-421}, chapter = {415}, author = {Clara Pa{\~n}ella and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Xavier Moll and Rita Quesada and Alberto Villanueva and M. Iglesias and Dolores Naranjo and Patricia S{\'a}nchez-Vel{\'a}zquez and Andaluz, Anna and Luis Grande and Antoni Ivorra and Burd{\'\i}o, Fernando} } @article {158, title = {Long-term effectiveness of irreversible electroporation in a murine model of colorectal liver metastasis}, journal = {Scientific reports}, volume = {7}, year = {2017}, chapter = {44821}, doi = {10.1038/srep44821}, author = {Patricia S{\'a}nchez-Vel{\'a}zquez and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Alberto Villanueva and M. Iglesias and Rita Quesada and Clara Pa{\~n}ella and Marta C{\'a}ceres and Dimitri Dorcaratto and Andaluz, Anna and Xavier Moll and Jos{\'e} M. Burd{\'\i}o and Luis Grande and Antoni Ivorra and Burd{\'\i}o, Fernando} } @conference {147, title = {3D Assessment of Irreversible Electroporation Treatments in Vegetal Models}, booktitle = {1st World Congress on Electroporation and Pulsed Electric Fields in Biology, Medicine and Food \& Environmental Technologies}, series = {IFMBE Proceedings}, volume = {53}, year = {2016}, pages = {294-297}, publisher = {Springer Singapore}, organization = {Springer Singapore}, keywords = {In-vivo assessment, Irreversible electroporation, Potato, Three-dimensional, Vegetal model}, isbn = {978-981-287-816-8}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-817-5_65}, author = {Q. Castellv{\'\i} and J. Ban{\'u}s and Antoni Ivorra}, editor = {Jarm, Tomaz and Kramar, Peter} } @inbook {155, title = {Assessment of Electroporation by Electrical Impedance Methods}, booktitle = {Handbook of Electroporation}, year = {2016}, pages = {1-20 (electronic)}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, organization = {Springer International Publishing}, abstract = {

Electroporation causes an immediate increase in cell membrane permeability that results in membrane conductivity increase, which has an effect in the measured impedance of the cell suspension or the tissue. Therefore, impedance measurements offer the possibility to perform real-time assessment of the electroporation phenomenon in a minimally invasive fashion. Nevertheless, impedance measurements in biological organisms depend on many factors and other processes besides the membrane permeabilization. This lack of specificity can be an important drawback for using impedance measurements as an electroporation measure. An equivalent electrical model of cell suspensions and tissues is commonly employed to better understand how the different processes that take place during electroporation can affect the measured impedance of a sample. This chapter briefly overviews the information that can be extracted from impedance measurements during and after the application of electroporation pulses. These measurements have been widely used to observe and analyze the dynamics of the phenomenon. Impedance has the potential to be used as a tool to assess electroporation effectiveness of treatment. A significant conclusion from the experimental studies on the topic is that conductivity measured shortly after treatment appears to be correlated with electroporation effectiveness in terms of cell membrane permeabilization. That is, it has the potential to be used as an electroporation effectiveness indicator. On the other hand, dynamic conductivity during the electroporation pulses, which is much easier to be measured, does not seem to be correlated with electroporation effectiveness.

}, issn = {978-3-319-26779-1}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-26779-1_164-1}, author = {Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Borja Mercadal and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {150, title = {Irreversible electroporation of the liver: is there a safe limit to the ablation volume?}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {6}, year = {2016}, pages = {23781}, doi = {10.1038/srep23781}, author = {Patricia S{\'a}nchez-Vel{\'a}zquez and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Alberto Villanueva and Rita Quesada and Clara Pa{\~n}ella and Marta C{\'a}ceres and Dimitri Dorcaratto and Andaluz, Anna and Xavier Moll and Trujillo, Macarena and Jos{\'e} M. Burd{\'\i}o and Berjano, Enrique and Luis Grande and Antoni Ivorra and Burd{\'\i}o, Fernando} } @article {149, title = {A Versatile Multilevel Converter Platform for Cancer Treatment Using Irreversible Electroporation}, journal = {IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics}, volume = {4}, year = {2016}, pages = {236 - 242}, chapter = {236}, issn = {2168-6777}, doi = {10.1109/JESTPE.2015.2512324}, author = {H{\'e}ctor Sarnago and {\'O}scar Luc{\'\i}a and Alejandro Naval and Jos{\'e} M. Burd{\'\i}o and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {144, title = {In vivo demonstration of injectable microstimulators based on charge-balanced rectification of epidermically applied currents}, journal = {Journal of Neural Engineering}, volume = {12}, year = {2015}, chapter = {066010}, doi = {10.1088/1741-2560/12/6/066010}, author = {Antoni Ivorra and Laura Becerra-Fajardo and Q. Castellv{\'\i}} } @conference {133, title = {Selective Electroporation of Liver Tumor Nodules by Means of Hypersaline Infusion: A Feasibility Study}, booktitle = {6th European Conference of the International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering}, series = {IFMBE Proceedings}, volume = {45}, year = {2015}, pages = {821-824}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, organization = {Springer International Publishing}, abstract = {

Spread tumors in liver are not suitable to be treated with local treatments, such as conventional surgery or radiofrequency ablation, thus entailing a poor prognosis. Electroporation-based therapies imply the delivery of pulsed high electric fields and currently are performed in a local fashion using needle or plate electrodes. Here, however, it is proposed a novel electroporation paradigm in which field delivery is not local. All the tumor nodules will be selectively treated using large plate electrodes at both sides of the liver. By infusing an hypersaline solution of high electrical conductivity through the portal vein, the electrical conductivity of healthy tissues and tumor nodules will be made significantly different so that the electric field will be focused on the undesirable tissues. Numerical simulations were used to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed technique. In addition, an in vivo procedure was carried out to assess whether it is possible and practical to significantly modify the conductivity of the liver tissue by hypersaline infusion. Both the numerical simulations and the in vivo procedure provided encouraging results.

}, keywords = {Disseminated nodules, Electroporation, Hypersaline, Liver, Spread tumors}, isbn = {978-3-319-11127-8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-11128-5_204}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11128-5_204}, author = {Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Patricia S{\'a}nchez-Vel{\'a}zquez and Berjano, Enrique and Burd{\'\i}o, Fernando and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {137, title = {Tumor growth delay by adjuvant alternating electric fields which appears non-thermally mediated}, journal = {Bioelectrochemistry}, volume = {105}, year = {2015}, month = {2015/10//}, pages = {16 - 24}, keywords = {Alternating electric field, Chemotherapeutic adjuvant, Hyperthermia, Pancreatic tumor, TTFields}, isbn = {1567-5394}, doi = {10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.04.006}, author = {Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Mireia M. Ginest{\`a} and G. Capella and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {134, title = {Bioimpedance Measurements and the Electroporation Phenomenon}, journal = {Revue 3EI}, volume = {75}, year = {2014}, month = {04/2014}, pages = {21-26}, abstract = {

Bioimpedance measurements are used to determine physiological aspects of biological tissues. On the other hand, the electroporation phenomenon causes a variation in the electrical properties of tissue, so it is possible use bioimpedance measurement with the aim of monitor the electroporation phenomenon in real time. The objective of this article is present the basic concepts required to understand bioimpedance measurements and the utility of these for detecting the electroporation effects.

}, author = {Q. Castellv{\'\i}} } @article {Ivorra, title = {System for preventing bacterial infections in needle trajectories}, number = {P201231644}, year = {2014}, month = {10/2012}, type = {Granted}, edition = {A61b18/14; A61B10/02}, chapter = {WO 2014/064304 A1}, address = {Spain}, author = {Antoni Ivorra and Q. Castellv{\'\i}} } @article {Trujillo2013, title = {{Can electroporation previous to radiofrequency hepatic ablation enlarge thermal lesion size? A feasibility study based on theoretical modelling and in vivo experiments.}}, journal = {International journal of hyperthermia : the official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group}, volume = {29}, number = {3}, year = {2013}, pages = {211{\textendash}8. {\textcopyright} 2013 Informa UK Ltd.}, abstract = {

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a hybrid ablative technique based on applying electroporation (EP) pulses just before conducting radiofrequency ablation (RFA). The rationale was that the EP-induced reduction in blood perfusion could be sufficient to reduce the thermal sink effect and hence to increase the coagulation volume in comparison to that created exclusively by RFA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A modelling study and in vivo experimental study were used. A Cool-tip RF applicator was used both for EP and RFA. RESULTS: Overall, the results did not show any synergy effect from using the hybrid technique. Applying EP pulses prior to RFA did not increase the coagulation zone obtained and the lesions were almost identical. Additional computer simulations provided an explanation for this; the effect of reducing blood perfusion by thermal damage during RFA completely masks the effect of reducing blood perfusion by EP. This is because both thermal damage and EP affect the same zone, i.e. the tissue around the electrode. CONCLUSIONS: Our computer modelling and in vivo experimental findings suggest that the combination of EP and RFA with monopolar applicators does not provide an additional benefit over the use of RFA alone.

}, keywords = {Animals, Catheter Ablation, Combined Modality Therapy, Computer Simulation, Electroporation, Feasibility Studies, Female, Liver, Liver: surgery, Models, Swine, Theoretical}, issn = {1464-5157}, doi = {10.3109/02656736.2013.777854}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23573935}, author = {Trujillo, Macarena and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Burd{\'\i}o, Fernando and Patricia S{\'a}nchez-Vel{\'a}zquez and Antoni Ivorra and Andaluz, Anna and Berjano, Enrique} } @conference {Gonzalez-Sosa2013, title = {{Fast flow-through non-thermal pasteurization using constant radiofrequency electric fields}}, booktitle = {Tenth International Bioelectrics Symposium (BIOELECTRICS 2013)}, year = {2013}, address = {Karlsruhe, Germany}, abstract = {

Pulsed Electric Field technologies have captured the attention of researchers on food pasteurization because of their non-thermal inactivation mechanism, which results in fresh-like products. Nevertheless, high voltage pulsing required by these technologies implies complex and costly generators. Here, as an alternative, it is proposed a method, partially inherited from research on cell electroporation for gene transfection, in which the liquid to be treated flows at high speed through a miniature chamber where the electric field is permanently applied. In particular, it is proposed that the constantly applied electric field consists of an AC signal (\> 100 kHz) so that electrochemical by-products are minimized. The method, while being compatible with batch processing, will allow use of lower voltages and will avoid the pulsation requirement.\ 

}, author = {J. Gonz{\'a}lez-Sosa and A. Ruiz-Vargas and G. Arias and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Antoni Ivorra} } @conference {Castellvi2013, title = {{In vivo study using Tumor Treatment Fields (TTFs) and prolonged mild hyperthermia as adjuvant methods for cancer treatment}}, booktitle = {Tenth International Bioelectrics Symposium (BIOELECTRICS 2013)}, year = {2013}, address = {Karlsruhe, Germany}, abstract = {

Delivery of the so called Tumor Treatment Fields (TTFs) was proposed a few years ago as a cancer therapy and has been object of study in a recent phase III trial in which their efficacy against glioblastomas was assessed with modest results [1]. TTFs are alternating electric fields at a frequency in the order of 100 kHz and a magnitude below 300 V/m which are applied continuously for weeks. According to their proposers, TTFs inhibit tumor growth by interfering with the cell division process through electrical forces without causing significant heating in tissues. However, we estimate that TTFs are capable of producing temperature increases of about some tens of kelvin which cannot be neglected, particularly because TTFs are applied for long periods of time. Therefore, we hypothesized that the promising results reported in initial in vitro and in vivo studies on the use of TTFs could be mediated by heat rather than by electrical forces. Heat induction (i.e. hyperthermia) has been extensively used as an adjuvant in cancer treatment. Typically, cancer hyperthermia involves generating moderate temperature increases during about one hour after radiotherapy or chemotherapy sessions. Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, there are no in vivo studies on the use of mild hyperthermia for long periods of time, despite there are in vitro studies showing that cell survival to hyperthermia depends both on the temperature and the exposition time. In order to test our hypothesis and also to independently validate the efficacy of TTFs, we have carried out a study in which nude mice subcutaneously implanted with human exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinomas were physically treated for 7 days; either with heat from a resistor or with TTFs delivered by electrodes. The animals were paired: one was treated and the other was sham treated. Four treatment groups were created: hyperthermia (H) (n=5+5), hyperthermia + gemcitabine chemotherapy (H\&Ch) (n=6+6), TTFs (TTF) (n=5+5) and TTFs + gemcitabine therapy (TTF\&Ch) (n=7+7). Our hypothesis has not been validated: no statistically significant effects were observed in the H and H\&Ch groups. On the other hand, although the TTF group did also not produce any significant effect, the animals treated with the TTFs + chemotherapy combination show a tumor growth rate about 200\% smaller (p=0.018) than the animals treated only with chemotherapy.

}, author = {Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Mireia M. Ginest{\`a} and G. Capella and Antoni Ivorra} }