@article {Ivorra2010a, title = {{Electric field redistribution during tissue electroporation: its potential impact on treatment planning}}, journal = {Comptes Rendus Physique}, volume = {Accepted (still pending publication)}, year = {2010}, abstract = {
Electroporation is the phenomenon in which cell membrane permeability is increased by exposing the cell to short high electric field pulses. Electroporation is accompanied by an increase of tissue electrical conductivity during the pulses. Such conductivity increase results in a redistribution of the electric field magnitude that can be simulated with simple functions describing the change in tissue conductivity. Experiments on potato tuber reveal that the conductivity increase phenomenon has indeed a significant impact on field distribution, and validate the use of models that take into account such conductivity alteration. For instance, the error in electroporated area estimation can decrease from 30 \% to 3 \%.\ 
}, author = {Antoni Ivorra and Boris Rubinsky and L.M. Mir} } @article {Ivorra2010, title = {{Electrical modeling of the influence of medium conductivity on electroporation.}}, journal = {Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP}, volume = {12}, number = {34}, year = {2010}, pages = {10055{\textendash}64}, abstract = {

Electroporation is the phenomenon in which cell membrane permeability is increased by exposing the cell to short high electric field pulses. Experimental data show that the amount of permeabilization depends on the conductivity of the extracellular medium. If medium conductivity decreases then it is necessary to deliver a pulse of larger field amplitude in order to achieve the same effect. Models that do not take into account the permeabilization effect on the membrane conductivity cannot reproduce qualitatively the experimental observations. Here we employ an exponential function for describing the strong dependence of membrane conductivity on transmembrane potential. Combining that model with numerical methods we demonstrate that the dependence on medium conductivity can be explained as being the result of increased membrane conductance due to electroporation. As experimentally observed, extracellular conductivities of about 1 and 0.1 S m(-1) yield very similar results, however, for lower conductivities (\<0.01 S m(-1)) the model predicts that significantly higher field magnitudes will be required to achieve the same amount of permeabilization.

}, keywords = {Biological, Cell Membrane, Cell Membrane Permeability, Cell Membrane: metabolism, Diffusion, Electric Conductivity, Electroporation, Membrane Potentials, Models, Reproducibility of Results}, issn = {1463-9084}, doi = {10.1039/c004419a}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20585676}, author = {Antoni Ivorra and J. Villemejane and L.M. Mir} }