@article {228, title = {Effects of Contact Force on Lesion Size During Pulsed Field Catheter Ablation: Histochemical Characterization of Ventricular Lesion Boundaries}, journal = {Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology}, volume = {17}, year = {2024}, pages = {e012026}, chapter = {e012026}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCEP.123.012026}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.123.012026}, author = {Hiroshi Nakagawa and Q. Castellv{\'\i} and Robert Neal and Steven Girouard and Jacob Laughner and Atsushi Ikeda and Masafumi Sugawara and Yoshimori An and Hussein, Ayman A. and Shady Nakhla and Tyler Taigen and Jakub Srounbek and Mohamed Kanj and Pasquale Santangeli and Walid I. Saliba and Antoni Ivorra and Oussama M. Wazni} } @article {198, title = {EView: An electric field visualization web platform for electroporation-based therapies}, journal = {Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine}, volume = {197}, year = {2020}, pages = {105682}, chapter = {105682}, doi = {10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105682}, author = {Enric Perera-Bel and Carlos Yag{\"u}e and Borja Mercadal and Mario Ceresa and Natalie Beitel-White and Rafael Davalos and Miguel A. Gonz{\'a}lez-Ballester and Antoni Ivorra} } @article {159, title = {Effect of applied voltage, duration and repetition frequency of RF pulses for pain relief on temperature spikes and electrical field: A computer modeling study}, journal = {International Journal of Hyperthermia }, volume = {34}, year = {2018}, pages = {112-121}, chapter = {112}, doi = {10.1080/02656736.2017.1323122}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02656736.2017.1323122}, author = {El{\.z}bieta Ewertowska and Borja Mercadal and V{\'\i}ctor Mu{\~n}oz and Antoni Ivorra and Trujillo, Macarena and Berjano, Enrique} } @article {220, title = {Electronic System Having Variable Modular Power for Generating Electrical Pulses and Associated Uses}, year = {2017}, edition = {A61N1/32}, chapter = {WO 2017/109261 A1 }, author = {H{\'e}ctor Sarnago and {\'O}scar Luc{\'\i}a and Jos{\'e} M. Burd{\'\i}o and Alejandro Naval and Antoni Ivorra and Q. Castellv{\'\i}} } @article {Ivorra2011, title = {{Electrochemical prevention of needle-tract seeding.}}, journal = {Annals of biomedical engineering}, volume = {39}, number = {7}, year = {2011}, month = {jul}, pages = {2080{\textendash}9}, abstract = {

Needle-tract seeding refers to the implantation of tumor cells by contamination when instruments, such as biopsy needles, are employed to examine, excise, or ablate a tumor. The incidence of this iatrogenic phenomenon is low but it entails serious consequences. Here, as a new method for preventing neoplasm seeding, it is proposed to cause electrochemical reactions at the instrument surface so that a toxic microenvironment is formed. In particular, the instrument shaft would act as the cathode, and the tissues would act as the electrolyte in an electrolysis cell. By employing numerical models and experimental observations reported by researchers on Electrochemical Treatment of tumors, it is numerically showed that a sufficiently toxic environment of supraphysiological pH can be created in a few seconds without excessive heating. Then, by employing an ex vivo model consisting of meat pieces, validity of the conclusions provided by the numerical model concerning pH evolution is confirmed. Furthermore, a simplified in vitro model based on bacteria, instead of tumor cells, is implemented for showing the plausibility of the method. Depending on the geometry of the instrument, suitable current densities will probably range from about 5 to 200 mA/cm(2), and the duration of DC current delivery will range from a few seconds to a few minutes.

}, keywords = {Animals, Electrochemistry, Electrochemistry: methods, Equipment Contamination, Equipment Contamination: prevention \& control, Humans, Needles, Neoplasm Seeding, Neoplasms, Neoplasms: etiology, Neoplasms: prevention \& control}, issn = {1573-9686}, doi = {10.1007/s10439-011-0295-4}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21400019}, author = {Antoni Ivorra} } @article {Ivorra2010a, title = {{Electric field redistribution during tissue electroporation: its potential impact on treatment planning}}, journal = {Comptes Rendus Physique}, volume = {Accepted (still pending publication)}, year = {2010}, abstract = {
Electroporation is the phenomenon in which cell membrane permeability is increased by exposing the cell to short high electric field pulses. Electroporation is accompanied by an increase of tissue electrical conductivity during the pulses. Such conductivity increase results in a redistribution of the electric field magnitude that can be simulated with simple functions describing the change in tissue conductivity. Experiments on potato tuber reveal that the conductivity increase phenomenon has indeed a significant impact on field distribution, and validate the use of models that take into account such conductivity alteration. For instance, the error in electroporated area estimation can decrease from 30 \% to 3 \%.\ 
}, author = {Antoni Ivorra and Boris Rubinsky and L.M. Mir} } @article {Laufer2010, title = {{Electrical impedance characterization of normal and cancerous human hepatic tissue.}}, journal = {Physiological measurement}, volume = {31}, number = {7}, year = {2010}, pages = {995{\textendash}1009. {\textcopyright} 2010 Institute of Physics and IOP Publishing Limited.}, abstract = {

The four-electrode method was used to measure the ex vivo complex electrical impedance of tissues from 14 hepatic tumors and the surrounding normal liver from six patients. Measurements were done in the frequency range 1-400 kHz. It was found that the conductivity of the tumor tissue was much higher than that of the normal liver tissue in this frequency range (from 0.14 +/- 0.06 S m(-1) versus 0.03 +/- 0.01 S m(-1) at 1 kHz to 0.25 +/- 0.06 S m(-1) versus 0.15 +/- 0.03 S m(-1) at 400 kHz). The Cole-Cole models were estimated from the experimental data and the four parameters (rho(0), rho(infinity), alpha, f(c)) were obtained using a least-squares fit algorithm. The Cole-Cole parameters for the cancerous and normal liver are 9 +/- 4 Omega m(-1), 2.2 +/- 0.7 Omega m(-1), 0.5 +/- 0.2, 140 +/- 103 kHz and 50 +/- 28 Omega m(-1), 3.2 +/- 0.6 Omega m(-1), 0.64 +/- 0.04, 10 +/- 7 kHz, respectively. These data can contribute to developing bioelectric applications for tissue diagnostics and in tissue treatment planning with electrical fields such as radiofrequency tissue ablation, electrochemotherapy and gene therapy with reversible electroporation, nanoscale pulsing and irreversible electroporation.

}, keywords = {80 and over, Adult, Aged, Electric Impedance, Electrodes, Female, Humans, Liver, Liver Cirrhosis, Liver Cirrhosis: pathology, Liver Neoplasms, Liver Neoplasms: pathology, Liver: pathology, Male, Middle Aged}, issn = {1361-6579}, doi = {10.1088/0967-3334/31/7/009}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20577035}, author = {Laufer, Shlomi and Antoni Ivorra and Reuter, Victor E and Boris Rubinsky and Solomon, Stephen B} } @article {Ivorra2010, title = {{Electrical modeling of the influence of medium conductivity on electroporation.}}, journal = {Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP}, volume = {12}, number = {34}, year = {2010}, pages = {10055{\textendash}64}, abstract = {

Electroporation is the phenomenon in which cell membrane permeability is increased by exposing the cell to short high electric field pulses. Experimental data show that the amount of permeabilization depends on the conductivity of the extracellular medium. If medium conductivity decreases then it is necessary to deliver a pulse of larger field amplitude in order to achieve the same effect. Models that do not take into account the permeabilization effect on the membrane conductivity cannot reproduce qualitatively the experimental observations. Here we employ an exponential function for describing the strong dependence of membrane conductivity on transmembrane potential. Combining that model with numerical methods we demonstrate that the dependence on medium conductivity can be explained as being the result of increased membrane conductance due to electroporation. As experimentally observed, extracellular conductivities of about 1 and 0.1 S m(-1) yield very similar results, however, for lower conductivities (\<0.01 S m(-1)) the model predicts that significantly higher field magnitudes will be required to achieve the same amount of permeabilization.

}, keywords = {Biological, Cell Membrane, Cell Membrane Permeability, Cell Membrane: metabolism, Diffusion, Electric Conductivity, Electroporation, Membrane Potentials, Models, Reproducibility of Results}, issn = {1463-9084}, doi = {10.1039/c004419a}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20585676}, author = {Antoni Ivorra and J. Villemejane and L.M. Mir} }